Machine for the manufacture of auger-bits



(No Model.)

J. SWAN.

MACHINE POR THE MANUPAGTURB 0F AUGER BITS,

Patented Mar. 3, 1885.

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NITED STATES PATENT OEEICE.

JAMES SWAN, OF SEYMOUR, CONNECTICUT.

MACHINE FOR THE' MANUFACTURE OF AUGER-BITS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 313,456, dated March 3, 1885.

(No model.)

To @ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J AMES SWAN, of Seymour, county of New Haven, State of Connecticut, have invented an Improvement in Machines for the Manufacture of Anger-Bits, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specific-ation, like letters on the drawings representing like parts.

The machine herein described is an improvement on'that represented in application N o. 108,321, led by me October 6, 1883. The machine referred to in the said application contains a hollow or cylindrical cuttingtool provided with cutting-teeth at its end and at its periphery, and internally near its end the said tool has a cutting-rim, and the bevel, fall, or pitch ofthe floor-lip from its cuttingedge backward is determined by the angular presentation of the auger-bit to the circularcutting tool, such angular presentation being entirely controlled by placing the two parts of the bed of the machine in different planes. In practice I have found that the value ofthe bit described in that application may be enhanced, or its qualities be improved, by prolonging the cnt made in it by the internal cutting-rim referred to, said cut being extended forward closer to the point of junction of the cutting-edge of the floor-lip with the screw, and backward far enough to come below the cutting-edge of the other Hoor-lip, the prolongation of such cut for a greater distance about the base of the screw finishing the cutting-edges of the door-lip both above and below the point where the said edges radiate from the said screw. In the said application the bit is held stationary, or is not rotated at all, when the tool is being rotated to cut the iioor-lip and shape the inner sideof the spur, and at such time the end teeth of thc tool and the external bevel-teeth take equal bearing on the metal of the bit; but, in the improved machine to be herein described, as soon as the internal cutting-rim is brought into use to cut the base of the screw I desire to immediately free the bit from contact With the said beveled teeth, and to do this I have pivoted the guide for the bit-holding carriage at one side of what would be considered the center of the tool or its shaft, so that as the said guide is moved to enable the internal cutting-rim of the tool to enter the base of the screw the bit is moved in the arc of a circle sufficiently to release the inside of the spur from cutting contact with the beveled teeth external to the cutting-tool, and also far enough to remove the floor-lip from the pressure against it of the yannular teeth at the end of the tool, except at a point very close to the base of the screw, and if the bit were not then rotated at all the bevel-teeth would not cut the spur. 'While the bit is being partially rotated in one and then in the opposite direction, as stated, it is also moved longitudinally, to thus enable the cut made in the base of the screw to have substantially the pitch of the licor-lip. This is effected, as herein shown, by placing the shank of the bitholding chuck in a threaded sleeve, the thread of the sleeve being of substantially the pitch of the floor-lip. Changing the position laterally of the chuck holding the bit prior to the action of the internal rim of teeth of the ,tool to effect the cutin the base of the screw, besides removing the beveled series of external teeth from contact with the spur, also changes the relative angles of the bit and tool, angles which were established when theend teeth of the tool cut the floor-lip, and, to avoid changing this predetermined angle of the floor-lip, as well as to avoid marring the floor-lip,while the bitis being partially rotated first in one and then in the opposite direction to enable the cut at the base of the screw to be extended, as stated, I have mounted the chuck shaft or stem in vertically-movable bearings, so that the end of the bit may rise and fall slightly while the bit is being so partially rotated, thereby enabling the angle, pitch, or fall of the floor-lip to be maintained. The partial rotation of the bit, as stated, after the formation of the loorlip and spur enables the front and back edges of the spur to be cut away, thus making the spur of the desired width from front to back, and, if desired, the bit may be rotated so farin one and then in the opposite direction as to cut awaythe inner side of the spur from its back and front'edges to substantially its center, in which case the inner face of the spur would be substantially convex instead of concaved, and such cutting away of the spur at front leaves the cuttingedge of the iioor-lip extended farther beyond the front edge of the spur than in the bit made in the machine referred to in the said application. The larger the bit the greater the necessity of raising and lowering its end while partially rotating it to extend the cut in the base of the. screw.

Figurel is a side elevation, partially broken out, of a machine embodying my invention; Fig. 2, a top View of Fig. 1, the bit being, however, shown in place; Fig. 3, a section of Fig. 1 in the dotted line x; Fig. 4, a section in the dotted line x; Fig. 5, a left-hand end view of Fig. 1, the worm-gear being shown lifted into engagement -with the worm; Fig. 6, a cross-section of Fig. 4 -in the line :v3 mi. Figs. 7 andSrepresent bits finished by myimproved machine, and Fig. 9 a section of the tool.

The parts A A of the bed are arranged at such diiferent angles as to insure for the floorlip its established pitch. The tool-carriage B,

provided with bearings for the shaft a, istted to slide in guides B', when desired. The shaft a has fast upon one en d of it a rotating cutting-tool, O, substantially such as described in my said application, and therefore not herein broadly claimed, the said tool having the same end teeth, 2, external bevel-teeth, 3, and cutting-rim 4. The rear end ot' the shaft a has an attached worm, A, which,` provided the worm-gear A5 is engaged with it, as in Fig. 5, rotates the shaft A6,having the attached cam A7, so that the latter acting against one of the uprights of the carriage B, or a lug thereon, effects the movement of the saidcarriage toward the rest m, which is the same as in the said application, as the tool is cutting the Hoor-lip and spur. In this instance the upr'ight has a lug or projection, B3, against which the said cam acts, and a spring, B", moves the carriage in the opposite direction. When it is not desired to move the carriage B longitudinally, the bracket A8, connected with the bed A by screws A, is lowered, as in full lines, Fig. 1, such being its normal position, for preferably the bit will be fed forward tothe tool, as will be hereinafter described.

The frame C?, on which slides the chuckholding carriage 0*, is pivoted to the bed A at C, so that the acting end of the bit E, supported in the usual rest, m, also attached to the said frame C2 by a screw, C5, may be swung a little in the `direction of the arrow, Fig. 2, when the cutting-rim 4 is to be made to cut into the base of the leading-screw to complete the edges of the floor-lip above and below at the junction of the said edge with the said leadingscrew, such movement of the end of the bit in the arc of a circle removing the inner side of the spur from the cutting action of the teeth 3, and also from pressure of the series of teeth 2, except at the inner edge of the said series, thus preventing the marring of the iioor-lip while the rim 4 is doing its work,

the bit at such time being partially rotated.`

The frame C2 is herein shown as provided with an arm, 36, which has jointed to it onev end of an elbow lever or treadle, 37, pivoted to a lug on the bed A at 38. A spring, 39,

normally actsv to keep the frame C2 against the stop 40, a similar stop, 41, at the opposite side of the frame and bed acting to limit the movement of the frame in that direction when the operator applies his foot to the lever 37. The squared end 5 of the bit is placed in a central opening or socket in the bit-holding chuck D2, having a shaft or stem, D3, the rear end of which is extended loosely into the sleeve D, the latter being secured loosely at its rear end in the upright 20 of the carriage C, the said sleeve in the front end having cut upon it a screw-thread, 22, corresponding substantially in pitch with the pitch of the cut which the rim 4 is to cut in the base of the leading-screw. The screw-threaded part of the sleeve is surrounded by a threaded nut, 23, which is grooved at its sides, and tted to slide up and down in a slot or guide in the upright 21 of the carriage C. The sleeve D is embraced by a yoke, 25, pivoted at 26 on the upright 21, the free end of the said yoke being normally kept elevated by a spring, 27, the yoke thus acted upon serving to liftthe sleeve and its nut in the upright 21. The head of the bit-holding chuck Dl at its rear side is notched, and the said notches are engaged by a pawl or pin, 42, (shown best in Fig. 6,) carried by the lever-arm 43, having its hub fastened to the threaded sleeve D. The chuck D2 is made adjustable in position for the purposes stated in the said application, and when in adjusted position is held by the said pawl or pin. Vhile the toothed rim 4 is cutting into the bit, as stated, the chuck and bit are partially rotated by depressing the lever 43, and at the Sametime the sleeve is partially rotated, and 4by reason of the thread 22 cut thereon and in engagement with the nut 23, the said sleeve and the lchuck within it are carried forward for a distance'determined by the extent of the rotation of the sleeve and the pitch of the thread 22, such forward movement of the chuck and bit insuring the proper pitch to the cut made by the cutting-rim 4. At the same time that the lever 43 is de- IOO IIO

it, so that the yoke depresses the sleeve and chuck for a slight distance, such depressions being necessary to avoid changing the .angle of the floor-lip. The frame Cl has lugs to receive ascrew-sha-ft, 28, which, restrained from longitudinal movement, has at its rear end a gear, 29, which is engaged by a gear, 30, on theI shaft 31, having a hand-wheel, 32, and supported in suitable bearings, 33 34, of the frame C2. The rotation of the hand-shaft causes the rotation of the screwf28,which, in engagement with a threaded half-nut, 35, of

the carriage C, (see Fig. 1,) eifects the travel of the carriage at the proper speedwhile the floor-lip of the bit is being cut.

In Figs. 7 and 8,b represents the twisted part of a bit; b, the spurs; b, the leadingscrew, its thread being,however,omitted; and b3 the floor-lip; and b5 part of the cut made by the rim 4, 'the said cut being extended about half-way around the base ofthe leadingscrew.

I claim- 1. In a machine for the manufacture of auger-bits, a hollow rotating,` cutting-tool and a carriage to support it, combined with the chuck-holding` carriage, and a frame to support it, one of the said parts being pivotedas, for example, the frame at (lsout of line with relation to the other, as described,where by the inner side of the spur and the floor-lip of the bit at its junction with the spur may be quickly relieved from the action ofthe cuttingtool, and the annular series of internal teeth of the said tool be brought into position to cut into the base of the screw, substantially as described.

2. The rotating,` cutting-tool and its carriage, combined with the chuck-holding carriage and chuck, and sleeve to receive it mounted in verticallymovable bearings in fthe said chuck-holding carriage, to operate substantially as described.

3. The rotating cutting-tool, the chuckholding carriage, the threaded sleeve, and the threaded nut to receive it, combined with the bit-holding chuck connected with the said sleeve, and with means, substantially as described, to partially rotate the said chuck and sleeve, the latter when partially rotated moving longitudinally, and carrying the chuck and bit with it, substantially as described.

4. In a machine for the manufacture of augerbits,the rotating cutting-tool, the frame C2, the chuck-holding carriage thereon, and the rest for the end of the bit to be milled, combined with the sleeve, the chuck therein, and the vertically-movable bearing for the sleeve, whereby the sleeve and chuck may be lowered as the bit is partially rotated, to operate substantially as described.

5. The rotating cutting-tool, its carriage, the chuck-holding carriage, and bit-holding chuck, threaded sleeve, and threaded vertically-movable bearing-nut therefor, combined with means to rotate the said chuck and sleeve, substantially as described.

6. rIhe rotating cutting-tool, its carriage, the chuck-holding carriage, and the chuck thereon, combined with a screw to engage and move the latter carriage, substantially as described.

f?. The rotating cutting-tool, its carriage, the pivoted frame, the rest for the bit, the chuck to hold the bit, and the chuck-holding carriage mounted on the said frame, combined with means, substantially as described, to change the relative positions of the said rest and tool, as described, to enable its rim 4 to cut into the base of the leading-screw.

'In testimony whereof Ihave signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JAMES SWAN.

Witnesses:

G. W. GREGORY, W. H. SIGsToN. 

